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          将Hexo的编写环境放到Docker里
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        <p>Hexo 使用的nodejs、npm 最近的版本升级非常快，而且版本依赖也很不稳定，一直想把用Hexo 写博客的环境固化到Docker里，在任何地方只要把博客的源文件拉下来，映射到docker里就能写、能编译、能发布。</p>
<p>今天就想花点时间把它搞定，没想到花了大约一整天的时间。先出完整的解决方法，后面再分析遇到的问题。</p>
<span id="more"></span>
<h1 id="完整的解决方法"><a href="#完整的解决方法" class="headerlink" title="完整的解决方法"></a>完整的解决方法</h1><h2 id="构建docker镜像"><a href="#构建docker镜像" class="headerlink" title="构建docker镜像"></a>构建docker镜像</h2><p>dockerfile 完整内容如下</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">FROM node:16-buster</span><br><span class="line">LABEL maintainer=&quot;thinker&lt;156884481@qq.com&gt;&quot;</span><br><span class="line">LABEL version=&quot;1.0&quot;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">RUN sed -i &#x27;s#http://deb.debian.org#https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn#g&#x27; /etc/apt/sources.list</span><br><span class="line">RUN apt-get update &amp;&amp; \</span><br><span class="line">    apt-get install -y gnutls-bin vim &amp;&amp; \</span><br><span class="line">    npm config set registry https://registry.npm.taobao.org --global &amp;&amp; \</span><br><span class="line">    npm config set disturl https://npm.taobao.org/dist --global &amp;&amp; \</span><br><span class="line">    npm install -g hexo-cli &amp;&amp; \</span><br><span class="line">    npm install -g hexo</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">RUN git config --global http.sslVerify false &amp;&amp; \</span><br><span class="line">    git config --global http.postBuffer 9048576000</span><br><span class="line">#    git config --global user.email &quot;156884481@qq.com&quot; &amp;&amp; \</span><br><span class="line">#    git config --global user.name &quot;thinker&quot;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">WORKDIR /data</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">ENTRYPOINT bash</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>dockerfile 还是比较简单的，基于node官方的镜像，安装hexo，然后设置工作目录为/data，使用了清华的源来安装软件包，其中 gnutls-bin 这个包是关键，后面细说。</p>
<p>然后在dockefile同级目录下执行构建镜像的命令</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker build -t node-hexo:16-buster .</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">blog on  master</span><br><span class="line">❯ docker images |grep node-hexo</span><br><span class="line">node-hexo                16-buster   953e168263a7   43 minutes ago   937MB</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="运行"><a href="#运行" class="headerlink" title="运行"></a>运行</h2><p>在运行容器时将blog 的源码挂载到/data 目录下，然后在容器里进行编写md 和在外面（宿主机）编写md都可以，在容器里进行编译和发布。</p>
<h3 id="运行容器，挂载源码"><a href="#运行容器，挂载源码" class="headerlink" title="运行容器，挂载源码"></a>运行容器，挂载源码</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">docker run -it -v /blog:/data -p 4000:4000  node-hexo:16-buster</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>在容器内的/data/blog 目录可以看到博客的源码，如果是新建的博客可以参照hexo的使用文档。</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">root@8af85682a9e5:/data/blog# ls -l</span><br><span class="line">total 1092</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r--   1 root root     13 Aug 29 11:12 README.md</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r--   1 root root      0 Aug 28 13:42 _config.landscape.yml</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r--   1 root root   2860 Aug 29 11:45 _config.yml</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r--   1 root root 600204 Aug 29 12:28 db.json</span><br><span class="line">drwxr-xr-x 342 root root  10944 Aug 29 01:11 node_modules</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r--   1 root root 327974 Aug 29 01:12 package-lock.json</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r--   1 root root    688 Aug 29 01:12 package.json</span><br><span class="line">drwxr-xr-x  19 root root    608 Aug 29 11:41 public</span><br><span class="line">drwxr-xr-x   5 root root    160 Aug 28 13:42 scaffolds</span><br><span class="line">drwxr-xr-x   9 root root    288 Aug 29 01:01 source</span><br><span class="line">drwxr-xr-x   5 root root    160 Aug 29 00:31 themes</span><br><span class="line">-rw-r--r--   1 root root 113211 Aug 29 01:12 yarn.lock</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>执行下面的命令可以在本地启动代理 ，随时查看正在编写的博客内容</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">hexo s </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>编写完后，执行下面命令进行发布</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">hexo d</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>发布的时候要注意_config.yml里面delpoy的配置，配置如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># Deployment</span><br><span class="line">## Docs: https://hexo.io/docs/one-command-deployment</span><br><span class="line">deploy:</span><br><span class="line">  - type: git</span><br><span class="line">    repo: https://[这里是在github上生成的一个key,方法参见文章结尾]@github.com/iamlibo/iamlibo.github.io.git</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>deploy是hexo的一个插件，<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/hexojs/hexo-deployer-git">使用方法参见官网</a></p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install hexo-deployer-git --save</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>这样编写、预览、发布的整体的流程就跑通了，源代码在宿主机中管理，编译环境在docker中。</p>
<h1 id="遇到的问题"><a href="#遇到的问题" class="headerlink" title="遇到的问题"></a>遇到的问题</h1><h2 id="1、-使用的Node的镜像版本低，会导致访问github出错"><a href="#1、-使用的Node的镜像版本低，会导致访问github出错" class="headerlink" title="1、 使用的Node的镜像版本低，会导致访问github出错"></a>1、 使用的Node的镜像版本低，会导致访问github出错</h2><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">unable to access &#x27;https://github.com/iamlibo/iamlibo.github.io.git/&#x27;: gnutls_handshake() failed: The TLS connection was non-properly terminated.</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>这个问题网上也有很多的资料，主要原因是git 使用的SSL 依赖包变化导致的，网上的方法多数重新编译git 使用open-ssl 然后再替换原有的程序包。在构建docker 镜像的时候去重新编译git 还是挺复杂的，缺少的依赖太多。</p>
<p>这个问题的解决方法如下，在dockerfile 中都有体现</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">apt-get install gnutls-bin</span><br><span class="line">git config --global http.sslVerify false</span><br><span class="line">git config --global http.postBuffer 1048576000</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>


<h2 id="2、是因为github提交要求把密码换成token，提示信息大概是这样："><a href="#2、是因为github提交要求把密码换成token，提示信息大概是这样：" class="headerlink" title="2、是因为github提交要求把密码换成token，提示信息大概是这样："></a>2、是因为github提交要求把密码换成token，提示信息大概是这样：</h2><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">remote: Support for password authentication was removed on August 13, 2021. Please use a personal access token instead.</span><br><span class="line">remote: Please see https://github.blog/2020-12-15-token-authentication-requirements-for-git-operations/ for more information.</span><br><span class="line">fatal: unable to access &#x27;https://github.com/iamlibo/iamlibo.github.io.git/&#x27;: The requested URL returned error: 403</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>这个问题本来应该挺简单，但是我没有仔细看，把解决的思路搞错了，以为是要自己生成一个ssh-key 上传到github 的Deploy keys 中去，在这块浪费了好长时间。后来在github 上生成一个key ，做为提交时候的密码就可以了。</p>
<h1 id="参考资料"><a href="#参考资料" class="headerlink" title="参考资料"></a>参考资料</h1><blockquote>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41010198/article/details/119698015">在github上配置token的方法,github开发人员在七夕搞事情：remote: Support for password authentication was removed on August 13, 2021</a></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.codeleading.com/article/35945768595/">Git Clone错误解决：GnuTLS recv error (-110): The TLS connection was non-properly terminated</a></p>
</blockquote>

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